Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) occurs when stomach acid repeatedly flows back into the oesophagus, causing symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, chest discomfort, a persistent cough, or difficulty swallowing. Left unmanaged, chronic acid reflux can lead to oesophageal inflammation (oesophagitis), Barrett’s oesophagus, and in rare cases, oesophageal cancer. Accurate diagnosis and a properly structured management plan are therefore essential not simply long-term antacid use.
Dr Lekharaju assesses each patient individually, using clinical examination and targeted investigation — including upper GI endoscopy where indicated to establish the underlying cause and severity of reflux. Management is then tailored to address the root problem: medication optimisation, lifestyle modification, and, where appropriate, assessment for surgical or endoscopic anti-reflux intervention.
What's involved
The approach
- Detailed clinical assessment of reflux symptoms, triggers, diet, and medication history
- Upper GI endoscopy (gastroscopy) arranged where clinically indicated to assess oesophageal lining
- Evidence-based medication review — PPI therapy optimisation and H. pylori testing where appropriate
- Personalised lifestyle and dietary guidance — weight management, meal timing, positional advice
Afterwards
Ongoing management
- Structured follow-up to assess medication response and refine the treatment plan
- Surveillance endoscopy planned where Barrett's oesophagus or oesophagitis has been identified
- Surgical referral arranged if medical management does not achieve adequate symptom control
- Written summary of management plan and lifestyle recommendations provided at each appointment
FAQs
Frequently Asked Questions
When should I see a specialist for acid reflux?
If symptoms occur more than twice a week, do not respond adequately to over-the-counter antacids, or are accompanied by difficulty swallowing, unintentional weight loss, or recurrent vomiting, a specialist assessment is warranted.
Will I need an endoscopy?
Not always — many patients can be managed effectively without endoscopy. Dr Lekharaju will assess whether investigation is clinically appropriate based on your symptom pattern and risk factors.
What is Barrett's oesophagus?
Barrett’s oesophagus is a condition where the normal oesophageal lining is replaced by cells similar to those of the intestine — typically as a result of chronic acid reflux. It requires regular endoscopic surveillance, as it carries a small but increased risk of oesophageal cancer.
Can acid reflux be cured?
Many patients achieve excellent, long-term symptom control with the right combination of medication, lifestyle change, and dietary modification. In some cases, anti-reflux surgery may offer a more permanent solution.
Are PPIs (proton pump inhibitors) safe long-term?
PPIs are widely used and generally well tolerated. Dr Lekharaju will review your medication regularly and always aims to use the lowest effective dose — stepping down or stopping treatment when symptoms allow.
